Kidney Cancer

What is kidney cancer?

Kidney cancer occurs when normal cells in the kidney change into abnormal cells and grow uncontrollably. The kidneys, two organs located on either side of your mid-back, filter the blood and remove waste, excess salt, and water. These substances form urine.

What are the symptoms of kidney cancer?

Small kidney tumors may not cause symptoms. However, larger tumors or tumors that have spread beyond the kidney can cause symptoms, such as:

• Blood in the urine

• Pain in your lower back, side, or stomach

• A lump in your belly or side of your back

• Unexplained weight loss

These symptoms can also be caused by conditions other than cancer. If you experience them, it's important to see a doctor.

Is there a test for kidney cancer?

Yes. If you have symptoms of kidney cancer, your doctor may order tests to check your kidneys. These tests can reveal tumors or abnormal growths, and include:

• CT scan (a type of X-ray)

• MRI (a test using magnets to create images)

• Ultrasound (a test using sound waves to create images)

What is kidney cancer staging?

Cancer staging helps doctors determine how far the cancer has spread. The treatment plan will depend heavily on the stage of your cancer.

How is kidney cancer treated?

People with kidney cancer may receive one or both of the following treatments:

• Medical treatment: Medicines are often used, especially if the cancer can't be removed or if it has spread. This may include:

  • Targeted therapy: Medicines that block certain blood vessels or proteins that help the cancer grow.

  • Immunotherapy: Medicines that help the body's immune system fight cancer.